Isabelle/HOL is a logic of total functions, so there is no built-in notion of a fraction or any other function application being undefined. That is, a / b is defined for all a and b, and it returns their quotient except when b is zero. But then it still has a value.
Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.Euler_Algebra_1810 Title page of an English edition of Euler’s Algebra, published in 1810 (translated from a French translation of the German original), and Article 83, p. 34, with footnote additions.
Title page of an English edition of Euler’s Algebra, published in 1810 (translated from a French translation of the German original), and Article 83, p. 34, with footnote additions.
Dividing by Nothing by Alberto Martinez Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.
However, it has been denied since Aristotle (384 BC-322 BC), including the mistake of genius Euler, and does not include division by zero, which is said to have been a concern for Einstein’s life. A regrettable math. The four arithmetic operations were incomplete. Therefore, the following formula should be the equation following 17.
1/0 = 0/0 = 0,
tan (\ pi / 2) = 0,
log 0 = 0,
(f (x) / x) (0) = f ^ \ prime (0) = f ’(0)
2022.2.8.06:00
The Institute of Reproducing Kernels is dealing with the theory of division by zero calculus and declares that the division by zero was discovered as $0/0=1/0=z/0=0$ in a natural sense on 2014.2.2. The result shows a new basic idea on the universe and space since Aristotele (BC384 – BC322) and Euclid (BC 3 Century – ), and the division by zero is since Brahmagupta (598 – 668 ?).
Announcement 478: Who did derive first the division by zero 1/0 and the division by zero calculus $\tan(\pi/2)=0, \log 0=0$ as the outputs of a computer?
Isabelle/HOL is a logic of total functions, so there is no built-in notion of a fraction or any other function application being undefined. That is, a / b is defined for all a and b, and it returns their quotient except when b is zero. But then it still has a value.
Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.Euler_Algebra_1810 Title page of an English edition of Euler’s Algebra, published in 1810 (translated from a French translation of the German original), and Article 83, p. 34, with footnote additions.
Title page of an English edition of Euler’s Algebra, published in 1810 (translated from a French translation of the German original), and Article 83, p. 34, with footnote additions.
Dividing by Nothing by Alberto Martinez Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.
However, it has been denied since Aristotle (384 BC-322 BC), including the mistake of genius Euler, and does not include division by zero, which is said to have been a concern for Einstein’s life. A regrettable math. The four arithmetic operations were incomplete. Therefore, the following formula should be the equation following 17.
1/0 = 0/0 = 0,
tan (\ pi / 2) = 0,
log 0 = 0,
(f (x) / x) (0) = f ^ \ prime (0) = f ’(0)
2022.2.8.06:00
The Institute of Reproducing Kernels is dealing with the theory of division by zero calculus and declares that the division by zero was discovered as $0/0=1/0=z/0=0$ in a natural sense on 2014.2.2. The result shows a new basic idea on the universe and space since Aristotele (BC384 – BC322) and Euclid (BC 3 Century – ), and the division by zero is since Brahmagupta (598 – 668 ?).
Announcement 478: Who did derive first the division by zero 1/0 and the division by zero calculus $\tan(\pi/2)=0, \log 0=0$ as the outputs of a computer?
Do you have some information on the sentence In the library, the decision was made to complete the function in such a way that x / 0 = 0. This decision simplifies many proofs, since you have to deal with less side conditions. Unfortunately it also sometimes confuses people who expect something else. In Is 1 / 0 = 0 according to Isabelle? – Stack Overflow https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57385473/is-1-0-0-according-to-isabelle 2019/08/07 … Isabelle/HOL is a logic of total functions, so there is no built-in notion of a … and it returns their quotient except when b is zero.。２０２３．５．１１．５：１７
Reproducing Kernel Research Institute Statement 656 (2022.1.26) Celebrating the 8th anniversary of the discovery of division by zero-how should I go?
Celebrating the 8th anniversary of the discovery of division by zero (2014.2.2). An international journal specializing in division by zero (https://romanpub.com/dbzc.php), which has published two books over the past year, also includes a basic paper that describes the essence of division by zero in a self-contained manner. I was able to publish it. In particular, one book expresses the progress of division by zero and the desire to understand division by zero on page 316 with the date and time, so I felt like I would never forget: We repeat, He professes to be embarrassed and flawed in modern mathematics, and is seeking widespread understanding of the world. The truth must be revealed. I profess that math is strange. He states that mathematics is embarrassing. Published a book to seek historical judgment. The feelings are expressed considerably, and the heart is radiant:
Introduction to the Division by Zero Calculus –Scientific …
(Statement 659), he would like to contribute to the development of the magazine and to build a good society in the greeting card. I want to express life and the world as well. With that mentioned, I thought about the challenges of life, what life is, the feelings of enlightenment, and the problems of world peace. However, soon I realized that the challenges of life and the problems of world peace have already been clarified:
Reproducing Kernel Research Institute Statement 643 (2021.12.24): What is a human being, what is the meaning of life and what is life?
Reproducing Kernel Research Institute Statement 647 (2022.1.4): Wishing for World Peace-Challenge to Difficulties
I have solved the math problem, but as I haven’t summarized in the paper yet, I have a strange feeling that the essence has already been clarified. Therefore, there is a growing desire to go beyond mathematics and lose the need to be heavily involved in the rest of life, and conversely to focus on the progress and understanding of division by zero research:
Yumeso Kokushi:
Some people hit and some people get hit
Together
Just a dream play
Looking at this situation from a broad perspective, our world history is embarrassing, our ideas for life and the world are already dark, unclear and pathetic, and even the most promising mathematical world has continued to have a strange and embarrassing history. It is confusing the world. I have to think that world history and human beings themselves are too strange.
In order to open up a bright world history, it is necessary to reform mathematics, approach the essence of religion, and shed light on the existence of human beings and life.
If the world history is still dark, no one will think that something is wrong because of the enormous military spending that is unfolding in the world, the human turmoil in the world, and the existence of human beings in their later years. Is it?
I think it is natural to think that I want to develop world history through the world of mathematics, if I can tell the difference between myself who is already in his later years and my life that I have followed.
Division by zero is not just mathematics, it is directly linked to the idea of liberating humans and developing world history, so I think that its significance is great, like God’s guidance.
There is a need for changes in the mathematical world and the world. Both the mathematics world and the world have to think that it is embarrassing and useless in such a situation.
I want to express one step, one step, according to my divinity that everyone has. I want to estimate the will of God and live according to the will of God.
I want to confirm and set the specific goals of Reiwa Innovation:
1. 1. Change the history of 2300 years, the common sense that division by zero is impossible, and change the basis of the division by zero method and its significance to the common sense of the world.
2. 2. Implement the above on a computer and make it a well-known fact in the world.
3. 3. According to them, request changes to textbooks and academic books. These are enormous and change the aspect of mathematics, so it takes time, and proceed until you start walking in that direction so that you can see the way.
that’s all
2022.1.24.20: 33 Afternoon drive around the mountains. The warm and beautiful season of early spring is filled with joy. I felt the resurrection of vitality. Mathematics is more important than life and the world. There is already one view of religion. The issue of peace is a difficult one. The principle is that he is kind.
2022.1.24.21: 42 Already quite good.
2022.1.2.5.05:54 I was surprised that it was almost perfect.
2022.1.25.08: 55 Good.
2022.1.25.10:16 I came up with the idea of adding the final goal of returning from the walk. The posted paper I sent this morning has already been published. early.
2022.1.25.14: 00 It gets colder in light days. The concept of the sequel is in progress.
At the beginning, mathematics is strange, and the existence of the mathematical world is strange. However, the same thing can be said about religion and the religious world, which still obscure world history. I would like to broadly develop concrete criticism from the former. To do that, you first need to cleanse your mind.
2022.1.25.15:30 Good. Unexpectedly, it was held and contacted face-to-face with the academic society.
2022.1.25.21:22 Good. It is necessary to intentionally recognize that you have reached an age that can be closed at any time. You should live according to the will of God. God is a god, but it can be said that it is a purified spirit.
2023.1.26.05: 30 Good, but it can be completed. Wait a day?
2022.1.26.06:20 There was something I felt strongly and learned by referring to Einstein’s words. So I want to understand it deeply. This will be completed and announced.
S. Saitoh, Division by Zero Calculus — History and Development, Scientific Research Publishing (2021).
数学の全貌も著書に既に出版されている：
T. Saitoh, Introduction to the Division by Zero Calculus, Scientific Research Publishing (2021) 。
この拡張版（2022.09.02), 369 pages も関係者に広く配布されている。
沢山の論文も出版され、国際招待講演も3件行ない、
例えば、
S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications,
Qian,T./Rodino,L.(eds.): Mathematical Analysis, Probability and Applications – Plenary Lectures: Isaac 2015, Macau, China, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, {\bf 177}(2016), 151-182. (Springer).
S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh,
Division by zero calculus and differential equations. Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics, {\bf 230} (2018), 399–418.
On the ninth anniversary of his division by zero discovery, February 2, 2014
On the anniversary of the discovery of division by zero, I would like to express my general thoughts. First, division by zero means that he divides by zero, but this proves to be impossible if we think of division by zero as the reverse of ordinary multiplication. It had been determined to be impossible. “Thou shalt not divide by zero.” However, since Aristotle, there has been a lot of interest and mystical stories have been created. For example, it is even said to have been Einstein’s lifelong concern. Physically, it means something mystical, and in fact some historians have elaborated that Aristotle was the first person to say that division by zero should not be considered. . It was a state of posing a mysterious problem in physics that was impossible in mathematics. -Here I am deeply concerned about Einstein’s famous words about him not believing in mathematics.
I think it was because he was dissatisfied with mathematics that made division by zero impossible.
In fact, division by zero has a unique new meaning. Even in strict mathematics, division by zero is possible depending on how you think about it. It can be said that it has already been sufficiently proven: the reason is
The division-by-zero discovery process is detailed in the book:
S. Saitoh, Division by Zero Calculus — History and Development, Scientific Research Publishing (2021).
The full picture of mathematics has already been published in the book:
T. Saitoh, Introduction to the Division by Zero Calculus, Scientific Research Publishing (2021).
This extended version (2022.09.02), 369 pages, has also been widely distributed to interested parties.
Many papers have been published, and three international invited lectures have been given.
for example,
S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications,
Qian,T./Rodino,L.(eds.): Mathematical Analysis, Probability and Applications – Plenary Lectures: Isaac 2015, Macau, China, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, {\bf 177}(2016), 151-182 (Springer).
S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh,
Division by zero calculus and differential equations. Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics, {\bf 230} (2018), 399–418.
The Mathematical Society of Japan also made a number of related presentations, and an international journal on division by zero was launched:
International Journal of Division by Zero Calculus
For nine years, I have been actively seeking understanding:
for example,
From the 55-month commentary on division by zero titled “Irresistibly Fun Mathematics – Thinking about Division by Zero” at the Mathematical Fundamentals Academic Ability Study Group (http://www.mirun.sctv.jp/suugaku/) Quote the part: (Final, summary, summary) First of all, I would like to express my deep gratitude to Mr. Masami Yamane, the administrator of the site. During the development of division by zero, it was valuable to be able to record detailed commentary over 55 months. It was his full life that he wrote the commentary with the spirit and careful consideration. A more formal version is published in the Institute for Regenerative Nuclear Technology statement and papers, so please refer to it. Also, the whole picture of mathematics is scheduled to be published. In the final episode, I would like to talk about my dreams, ask for your cooperation, and summarize. Despite the long and mysterious history that division by zero is impossible since Aristotle, those common senses are wrong, and division by zero is possible in a natural sense, and mathematics after elementary school students should be corrected and revised. be. Mathematics at the undergraduate level requires a general overhaul, and the current situation is typical of the embarrassment of not only the world of mathematics, but of world history. This will go down in world history as two symbols of the stupidity of mankind, which continues to expand its military and fight. These are universal facts that even elementary school students can understand from the world’s logic, no, elementary school students are easier to understand. A change in textbooks from elementary school onwards might not be such a big dream for mathematicians. In fact, world history has changed like the change from Ptolemaic theory to Heliocentric theory, and our view of the world and our view of life are required to undergo a drastic change. Since the discoverer has already seen the new world, he can categorically make such a statement. Omitted below.
Also, the paper on division by zero has been the best downloaded paper in the magazine for quite a long time. 2023.1.1. attached.
Most downloaded papers in Advances in Linear Algebra & Matrix Theory
Matrices and Division by Zero z/0 = 0
Tsutomu Matsuura, Saburou Saitoh
Advances in Linear Algebra & Matrix Theory Vol.6 No.2, June 14, 2016
A revolution is taking place in Euclidean geometry, and a lot of concrete evidence is given:
H. Okumura, Geometry and division by zero calculus, International Journal of Division by Zero Calculus, {\bf 1} (2021), 1-36.
A noticeable result is
For f(x) = 1/ x , f(0) = 0; 0/ 0 = 1/ 0 = tan (π/ 2) = 0 and (a^n/n)_{ n=0} = log a (a > 0), [g(x)/(x-a)]_{x=a} = g'(a).
However, up to now, no one has appeared who specifically pointed out the flaws in the way of thinking.
The problem is that while understanding is expected and demonstrated, the world’s understanding is not progressing, and mathematicians and people in the world seem like a blind group. “I’m fond of petty misunderstandings and prejudices.” Therefore, he expresses that it is still before dawn, and he is interested in whether the collapse of the Putin regime will be soon or whether his division by zero will be officially recognized, and he will achieve both and open up a new world at dawn. He has expressed his hopes for the evolution of world history:
Institute of Reproducing Kernels
Statement 700 (January 17, 2023): Dawn, New Era, New World – Vision, Expectation
(: Mathematics is okay, it evolves according to the unique existence of mathematics, but there are blind spots in elucidating division by zero, delays in understanding, weaknesses in human ability, prejudice, blind belief, blindness, dogmatism, prejudice, closedness, privileged consciousness, Reflecting on arrogance, fiction, jealousy and envy, futile competitiveness, egoism, authoritarianism, etc., a considerable change in mathematics education is required, and the way of mathematics education and research has changed considerably, which will fully usher in a new era. It will bring about a change in the global situation for the better.
Mathematics will continue to be a sure guide for humanity.
For mankind to enter a new era is to deepen the questions of what it means to be human and what is the meaning of living as a human being, and to aim for a more humane life. We shouldn’t create a vulgar and frivolous society where humans degenerate due to the lack of peace.
It is highly expected that mathematics, science, and the arts will develop in abundance. Overcome the absurdity of military affairs, conflicts, hegemony, and chaos, now is the time to aim for the construction of a beautiful world. I want you to firmly understand the principles of fairness. The world before dawn was barbaric, dark and cruel. Mathematics was also really embarrassing.
Statement 712 (2023.3.7): Division by zero and division by zero method; They are definitions and axioms.
Therefore, understanding has something to do with religion.
I’m trying to concisely express the essence of division by zero and the division by zero algorithm. This is because the world’s understanding is surprisingly slow. The reason for this is that, first of all, the definition and way of thinking are not the conventional way of thinking, but the generalization of the way of thinking and the conversion of the way of thinking. This is because we are thinking about the problem of division by zero, not in the usual sense, but in a new, extended sense. “Because there is a difference in thinking, it can be confusing for amateurs.”
I want a firm definition.
It is necessary to solidify the grounds for stating this even when considering many problems in the world. If the premise is solid, a cautious attitude is required regarding the accuracy and knowledge of information. It can be said that there are many questions that do not know what they are asking, even in the world.
In the second half, he said that the division by zero method is a definition, and because it is so new and surprising, it can be thought of as an axiom. The essence is that he takes the value at the origin of the function y = f(x) = 1 / x as zero. In other words, f(0) = 0. If we take this as a definition, we tend to be amazed at first and think that such strange mathematics has neither interest nor interest. However, in an extension of the definition of division by zero, we defined it as such, and say that it should be assumed. “It’s like an axiom.”
I didn’t think about that function at the origin, I didn’t think about it as a singular point. Therefore, he defined the value at the singularity origin as such. I decided. I assumed.
Definitions are arbitrary, so our task in defining them in that way is to concretely indicate the magnitude of utility, for which there are many good things to assume in that way. Therefore, he presents more than 1,000 concrete examples, corrects the treatment of exceptions and deceptive expressions up to now, and declares that modern mathematics has a fundamental flaw. Concrete examples are evidence, and we can declare that the flaws in mathematics are already irreversible facts. “We have published sufficient explanations and evidence.” These are mathematical truths, on a level that surpasses humans. It’s already a mathematical truth. Mathematicians are able to state their thoughts based on the truth of mathematics. It comes from the absoluteness of mathematics that surpasses humans. “It is thought to be God’s will.”
I would like to attach a direct statement below.
Regenerative Nuclear Research Institute Statement 707 (2023.2.6): Division by zero, the essence of the division by zero method – they are mostly simple, and the value is enormous
February 2nd marked the 9th anniversary of the discovery of division by zero, and it is evident that the content has spread, with papers citing it being published on the 3rd and 4th in quick succession, and citations increasing for the 2nd day in a row. However, my understanding of the content is questionable, and I am deeply surprised by the delay in comprehension. Therefore, I would like to directly express the essential and central idea and use it as material to advance the understanding of the world. This is because various expressions help understanding.
The first is the division by zero problem. It is important to have a proper definition of fractions. In short, a divided by b is the solution of the equation bx=a, and the solution is written as x=a/b. This is the fact that division is defined as the inverse of multiplication.
Therefore, when b = 0, it becomes a contradiction unless a = 0. Therefore he cannot divide by zero in such cases because there is no solution unless a = 0. For example, 1/0 is unthinkable and impossible. This is the common sense of the world over a thousand years that his division by zero is impossible. – This obvious thing is still being explained day after day on his YouTube, etc., so it’s a change in the world. (showing how his mathematics education is sloppily done)
Here, a very interesting thing is known about the solution of the equation bx=a, which is the problem. There is the idea of the Moore-Penrose general inverse, and in fact there is a theory that the equation bx=a always has only one solution even when b is zero, and that solution is called the Moore-Penrose general solution. Since there is always one and only one solution, I think that the solution should be defined as a general fraction and division. According to that theory, when b = 0, the solution is zero, so in that sense a/0 = 0.
Since the Moore-Penrose general solution has been thoroughly studied, it can be said that division by zero was actually known implicitly. Moore-Penrose I want you to check the general solution.
Dr. Masato Yamada discovered that if we think of fractions algebraically, in a totally abstract way, as binary operations, and see them as algebraic structures, we can define the structure of a field that includes division by zero. Amazingly, he has created a field that includes division by zero, the Yamada field, so he should introduce the Yamada field instead of the complex number field. -The four arithmetic operations can now be performed without exception. -The inability to divide by zero has been overcome, and the four rules of arithmetic have been strictly established.
Third, when expanding fractions, there is a uniqueness argument as to whether there are other methods or other worlds. On the other hand, Dr. Shinei Takahashi, Professor Emeritus of Yamagata University, soon after he discovered division by zero, showed that uniqueness can be established under a very general assumption, and uniqueness is also guaranteed. He declares that the natural idea of division by zero does not exist except ours.
By the above three principles, we can declare that division by zero is simple and self-explanatory.
Here is the definition of the division by zero method in the case of functions. This is simply, when the function y= g(x) is differentiable with respect to x=a,
defined by (If it cannot be differentiated, it will not be touched on here). for example,
For y=f(x) = 1/x, f(0)=0.
Also, tan (\pi/2) = 0.
these
0/0=1/0 = tan (\pi/2) = 0
If you write, you will already be saying something amazing. It will completely change the worldview and mathematics of division by zero. Singularity A new world that can be considered even there has appeared. Analytic function theory can be said to be incomplete because singularities are blind spots and full of holes (don’t think about them there). No, the existence of exceptions in the basics of mathematics, the four arithmetic operations, could even be said to be imperfect in mathematics itself.
The definition and nature of division by zero is stated above. A complete theory, including historical background, has been published:
S. Saitoh, History of Division by Zero and Division by Zero Calculus, International J. of Division by Zero Calculus, {\bf 1}(2021). (38 pages).
#Update #March 8, 2014 Discovery of division by zero method #2023 #Regenerative Nuclear Institute statement #Division by zero #Regenerative Nuclear Institute discovery of division by zero and division by zero method #February 2, 2014 Division by zero Discovery #Discovery since 2000 Dividing by 0 Nuclear Lab #New World #Statement 712
For a function $y = f(x)$ which is $n$ order differentiable at $x =a$, we will {\bf define} the value of the function, for $n >0$ $$ \frac{f(x)}{(x -a)^n} $$ at the point $x=a$ by the value $$ \frac{f^{(n)}(a)}{n!}. $$
\title{\bf Announcement 600: The 7th birthday of the division by zero $z/0=0$ \\
(2021.2.2)\\ For Founding a new International Journal of Division by Zero Calculus
}
\author{{\it Institute of Reproducing Kernels}\\
Kawauchi-cho, 5-1648-16,\\
Kiryu 376-0041, Japan\\
{\bf kbdmm360@yahoo.co.jp}\\
}
\date{2021.1.26.}
\maketitle
The Institute of Reproducing Kernels is dealing with the theory of division by zero calculus and declares that the division by zero was discovered as $0/0=1/0=z/0=0$ in a natural sense on 2014.2.2. The result shows a new basic idea on the universe and space since Aristotele (BC384 – BC322) and Euclid (BC 3 Century – ), and the division by zero is since Brahmagupta (598 – 668 ?).
However, note that the division by zero $1/0=0$ having a mysterious long history was, in fact, known as the generalized Moore-Penrose solution of the fundamental equation: $ax=b$.
\medskip
The division by zero calculus is a new and fundamental concept, and it may be defined simply as follows:
\medskip
For a function $y = f(x)$ which is $n$ order differentiable at $x =a$, we will {\bf define} the value
of the function, for $n \ge 0$
$$
\frac{f(x)}{(x -a)^n}
$$
at the point $x=a$ by the value
$$
\frac{f^{(n)}(a)}{n!}.
$$
For the important case of $n=1$,
$$
\frac{f(x)}{x -a} |_{x=a} = f^\prime(a).
$$
\medskip
Look the simple evidence of its importance:
\medskip
viXra:2010.0228 submitted on 2020-10-28 21:39:06,
Division by Zero Calculus and Euclidean Geometry – Revolution in Euclidean Geometry
\medskip
Look a simple video talk for its essence at some international conference:
For the detailed information, the book will be published soon as:
\medskip
S. Saitoh, Introduction to the Division by Zero Calculus, Scientific Research Publishing (2021) (in press).
\medskip
Some publisher of London is wishing some publication of a new International Journal of Division by Zero Calculus. The topics may be identified as the division by zero calculus. However, the contents will be related to our serious problems:
\medskip
What is ZERO?
\medskip
What is Division by Zero, in some serious sense?
\medskip
The problems may be related to mathematical philosophy, long history and our culture.
The starting of the International Journal will not be still easy at this moment, however, for its importance, we would like to manage to found the new Journal in some near future. So, we will need the kind help of the leading mathematical scientists.
\medskip
How will be the related physicists?
\medskip
Computer scientists?
\medskip
We attached the journal style (in a rough way) in the below. You can express your positive suggestions and comments for the style.
For your great contributions in connection with this topics, how will be your editorial member?
However, the final decision may be done by the publisher.
We wish to have your positive answer with your valuable suggestions and comments.
If you kindly are interested in the editorial member, then please send your simple CV with your wishes for some estimation by the publisher.
Please kindly forward this announcement to your related colleagues that you think suitable persons.
\bigskip
{\it For your starting email, I think as follows:
Many thanks for your email. The journals suggested by you are very interesting and new to the subject area. We accept to publish both journals under your editorship. We need following things from your side for preparing the sample web page of the journals.
1. Aim and Scope , Instructions to Authors, List of the editorial board members, Frequency of the journal.
Of course, they are important. However, for Frequency of the journal, we should consider it in a new type. We should not loss our valuable time for us and for the authors. We all do not like to loss our time for publication and refereeing time. This will mean that we should not fix Frequency of the journal. When a paper was accepted officially, then, soon the paper should be presented on line. So, some time, we can give the number for an accepted paper. If you wish to publish the papers in some Journal style or book, you will be able to publish them in some papers with a suitable page numbers. How will be this idea?
2. The journal will be free for the readers (open Access publications). The journal will not charge any fee from the authors for getting published in the journal.
Fine: However is it possible?
3. We need some sample images from your end to prepare the cover page for the journals.
We can consider them with computer graphics.
For a paper style, how will be it in a free style, we request it PDF in order not to
loss any valuable time for us and for the authors.
I think: this is an ideal style
viXra:2010.0228 submitted on 2020-10-28 21:39:06,
Division by Zero Calculus and Euclidean Geometry – Revolution in Euclidean Geometry
The problem is no refereeing procedures. We are requested to have some authority, some check system for the paper. This is a problem only.
I think you will be able to consider new journals in this spirit.
The publisher already gave a very good sample manuscript form by LaTex; very simple way. No problem.
4. We will provide the support to the editor to check the plagiarism in the articles via turnitin software.
We will request minor corrections formally for the accepted paper.}
\bigskip
\bibliographystyle{plain}
\begin{thebibliography}{10}
\bibitem{boyer}
C. B. Boyer, An early reference to division by zero, The Journal of the American Mathematical Monthly, {\bf 50} (1943), (8), 487- 491. Retrieved March 6, 2018, from the JSTOR database.
\bibitem{cs}
L. P. Castro and S. Saitoh, Fractional functions and their representations, Complex Anal. Oper. Theory {\bf7} (2013), no. 4, 1049-1063.
\bibitem{kmsy}
M. Kuroda, H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh, and M. Yamane,
New meanings of the division by zero and interpretations on $100/0=0$ and on $0/0=0$,
Int. J. Appl. Math. {\bf 27} (2014), no 2, pp. 191-198, DOI: 10.12732/ijam.v27i2.9.
\bibitem{ms16}
T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh,
Matrices and division by zero $z/0=0$,
Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory, {\bf 6}(2016), 51-58
International Journal of Mathematics and Computation, {\bf 2}8(2017); Issue 1, 1-16.
\bibitem{oku18}
H. Okumura, Is It Really Impossible To Divide By Zero? Biostat Biometrics Open Acc J. 2018; 7(1): 555703.
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H. Okumura, Wasan geometry with the division by 0. https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.06947 International Journal of Geometry. {\bf 7}(2018), No. 1, 17-20.
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H. Okumura,
An Analogue to Pappus Chain theorem with Division by Zero, Forum Geom., {\bf 18} (2018), 409–412.
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H. Okumura, To Divide by Zero is to Multiply by Zero, viXra: 1811.0283 submitted on 2018-11-18 20:46:54.
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H. Okumura, A Remark of the Definition of $0/0=0$ by Brahmagupta, viXra:1902.0221 submitted on 2019-02-12 23:41:31.
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H. Okumura, A Chain of Circles Touching a Circle and Its Tangent and Division by Zero,
viXra:2001.0034 submitted on 2020-01-03 01:08:58.
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H. Okumura, Pappus Chain and Division by Zero, viXra:2001.0123 replaced on 2020-01-08 06:57:36.
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H. Okumura, S. Saitoh and T. Matsuura, Relations of $0$ and $\infty$,
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H. Okumura and S. Saitoh, The Descartes circles theorem and division by zero calculus. https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.04961 (2017.11.14).
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H. Okumura and S. Saitoh,
Harmonic Mean and Division by Zero,
Dedicated to Professor Josip Pe\v{c}ari\'{c} on the occasion of his 70th birthday, Forum Geometricorum, {\bf 18} (2018), 155—159.
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H. Okumura and S. Saitoh,
Remarks for The Twin Circles of Archimedes in a Skewed Arbelos by H. Okumura and M. Watanabe, Forum Geometricorum, {\bf 18}(2018), 97-100.
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H. Okumura and S. Saitoh,
Applications of the division by zero calculus to Wasan geometry.
GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH ON CLASSICAL AND MODERN GEOMETRIES” (GJARCMG), {\bf 7}(2018), 2, 44–49.
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H. Okumura and S. Saitoh,
Wasan Geometry and Division by Zero Calculus,
Sangaku Journal of Mathematics (SJM), {\bf 2 }(2018), 57–73.
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S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh,
Division by zero calculus and differential equations. Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics. {\bf 230} (2018), 399-418.
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H. G. Romig, Discussions: Early History of Division by Zero,
American Mathematical Monthly, {\bf 3}1, No. 8. (Oct., 1924), 387-389.
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S. Saitoh, Generalized inversions of Hadamard and tensor products for matrices, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory. {\bf 4} (2014), no. 2, 87–95. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ALAMT/
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S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications,
Qian,T./Rodino,L.(eds.): Mathematical Analysis, Probability and Applications – Plenary Lectures: Isaac 2015, Macau, China, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, {\bf 177}(2016), 151-182.
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\bibitem{ann179}
Announcement 179 (2014.8.30): Division by zero is clear as z/0=0 and it is fundamental in mathematics.
\bibitem{ann185}
Announcement 185 (2014.10.22): The importance of the division by zero $z/0=0$.
\bibitem{ann237}
Announcement 237 (2015.6.18): A reality of the division by zero $z/0=0$ by geometrical optics.
\bibitem{ann246}
Announcement 246 (2015.9.17): An interpretation of the division by zero $1/0=0$ by the gradients of lines.
\bibitem{ann247}
Announcement 247 (2015.9.22): The gradient of y-axis is zero and $\tan (\pi/2) =0$ by the division by zero $1/0=0$.
\bibitem{ann250}
Announcement 250 (2015.10.20): What are numbers? – the Yamada field containing the division by zero $z/0=0$.
\bibitem{ann252}
Announcement 252 (2015.11.1): Circles and
curvature – an interpretation by Mr.
Hiroshi Michiwaki of the division by
zero $r/0 = 0$.
\bibitem{ann281}
Announcement 281 (2016.2.1): The importance of the division by zero $z/0=0$.
\bibitem{ann282}
Announcement 282 (2016.2.2): The Division by Zero $z/0=0$ on the Second Birthday.
\bibitem{ann293}
Announcement 293 (2016.3.27): Parallel lines on the Euclidean plane from the viewpoint of division by zero 1/0=0.
\bibitem{ann300}
Announcement 300 (2016.05.22): New challenges on the division by zero z/0=0.
\bibitem{ann326}
Announcement 326 (2016.10.17): The division by zero z/0=0 – its impact to human beings through education and research.
\bibitem{ann352}
Announcement 352 (2017.2.2): On the third birthday of the division by zero z/0=0.
\bibitem{ann354}
Announcement 354 (2017.2.8): What are $n = 2,1,0$ regular polygons inscribed in a disc? — relations of $0$ and infinity.
\bibitem{362}
Announcement 362 (2017.5.5): Discovery of the division by zero as $0/0=1/0=z/0=0$
\bibitem{380}
Announcement 380 (2017.8.21): What is the zero?
\bibitem{388}
Announcement 388 (2017.10.29): Information and ideas on zero and division by zero (a project).
\bibitem{409}
Announcement 409 (2018.1.29.): Various Publication Projects on the Division by Zero.
\bibitem{410}
Announcement 410 (2018.1 30.): What is mathematics? — beyond logic; for great challengers on the division by zero.
\bibitem{412}
Announcement 412 (2018.2.2.): The 4th birthday of the division by zero $z/0=0$.
\bibitem{433}
Announcement 433 (2018.7.16.): Puha’s Horn Torus Model for the Riemann Sphere From the Viewpoint of Division by Zero.
\bibitem{448}
Announcement 448 (2018.8.20): Division by Zero;
Funny History and New World.
\bibitem{454}
Announcement 454 (2018.9.29): The International Conference on Applied Physics and Mathematics, Tokyo, Japan, October 22-23.
\bibitem{460}
Announcement 460 (2018.11.06): Change the Poor Idea to the Definite Results For the Division by Zero – For the Leading Mathematicians.
\bibitem{461}
Announcement 461 (2018.11.10): An essence of division by zero and a new axiom.
\bibitem{471}
Announcement 471(2019.2.2): The 5th birthday of the division by zero $z/0=0$.
\bibitem{478}
Announcement 478(2019.3.4): Who did derive first the division by zero $1/0$ and the division by zero calculus $\tan(\pi/2)=0, \log 0=0$ as the outputs of a computer?
\bibitem{540}
Announcement 540(2020.2.2): The 6th birthday of the division by zero $z/0=0$.
Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.
何とゼロ除算は、可能になるだろうと April 12, 2011 に 公に 予想されていたことを 発見した。
多くの数学で できないが、できるようになってきた経緯から述べられたものである。
Dividing by Nothing
by Alberto Martinez
It is well known that you cannot divide a number by zero. Math teachers write, for example, 24 ÷ 0 = undefined.
After all, other operations that seemed impossible for centuries, such as subtracting a greater number from a lesser, or taking roots of negative numbers, are now common. In mathematics, sometimes the impossible becomes possible, often with good reason.
George Gamow (1904-1968) Russian-born American nuclear physicist and cosmologist remarked that “it is well known to students of high school algebra” that division by zero is not valid; and Einstein admitted it as {\bf the biggest blunder of his life} [1]：
1. Gamow, G., My World Line (Viking, New York). p 44, 1970.
ICDDEA: International Conference on Differential & Difference Equations and Applications Differential and Difference Equations with Applications ICDDEA, Amadora, Portugal, June 2017 • Editors
• (view affiliations) • Sandra Pinelas • Tomás Caraballo • Peter Kloeden • John R. Graef Conference proceedingsICDDEA 2017
Impact of ‘Division by Zero’ in Einstein’s Static Universe and …
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Impact of ‘Division by Zero’ in Einstein’s Static Universe and Newton’s Equations in Classical Mechanics. Ajay Sharma physicsajay@yahoo.com. Community Science Centre. Post Box 107 Directorate of Education Shimla 171001 India.
The division by zero is uniquely and reasonably determined as 1/0=0/0=z/0=0 in the natural extensions of fractions. We have to change our basic ideas for our space and world:
Division by Zero z/0 = 0 in Euclidean Spaces
Hiroshi Michiwaki, Hiroshi Okumura and Saburou Saitoh
International Journal of Mathematics and Computation Vol. 28(2017); Issue 1, 2017), 1-16.
List of division by zero: L. P. Castro and S. Saitoh, Fractional functions and their representations, Complex Anal. Oper. Theory {\bf7} (2013), no. 4, 1049-1063. M. Kuroda, H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh, and M. Yamane, New meanings of the division by zero and interpretations on $100/0=0$ and on $0/0=0$, Int. J. Appl. Math. {\bf 27} (2014), no 2, pp. 191-198, DOI: 10.12732/ijam.v27i2.9. T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh, Matrices and division by zero z/0=0, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory, 2016, 6, 51-58 Published Online June 2016 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/alamt \\ http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/alamt.201…. T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh, Division by zero calculus and singular integrals. (Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics.) T. Matsuura, H. Michiwaki and S. Saitoh, $\log 0= \log \infty =0$ and applications. (Submitted for publication). H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh and M.Yamada, Reality of the division by zero $z/0=0$. IJAPM International J. of Applied Physics and Math. 6(2015), 1–8. http://www.ijapm.org/show-63-504-1…. H. Michiwaki, H. Okumura and S. Saitoh, Division by Zero $z/0 = 0$ in Euclidean Spaces, International Journal of Mathematics and Computation, 28(2017); Issue 1, 2017), 1-16. H. Okumura, S. Saitoh and T. Matsuura, Relations of $0$ and $\infty$, Journal of Technology and Social Science (JTSS), 1(2017), 70-77. S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh, Division by zero calculus and differential equations. (Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics). S. Saitoh, Generalized inversions of Hadamard and tensor products for matrices, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory. {\bf 4} (2014), no. 2, 87–95. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ALAMT/ S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications, Qian,T./Rodino,L.(eds.): Mathematical Analysis, Probability and Applications – Plenary Lectures: Isaac 2015, Macau, China, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, {\bf 177}(2016), 151-182. (Springer) .
Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.
Algebraic division by zero implemented as quasigeometric multiplication by infinity in real and complex multispatial hyperspaces Author: Jakub Czajko, 92(2) (2018) 171-197 WSN 92(2) (2018) 171-197
L. P. Castro and S. Saitoh, Fractional functions and their representations, Complex Anal. Oper. Theory {\bf7} (2013), no. 4, 1049-1063.
M. Kuroda, H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh, and M. Yamane,
New meanings of the division by zero and interpretations on $100/0=0$ and on $0/0=0$, Int. J. Appl. Math. {\bf 27} (2014), no 2, pp. 191-198, DOI: 10.12732/ijam.v27i2.9.
T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh,
Matrices and division by zero z/0=0,
Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory, 2016, 6, 51-58
Division by zero calculus and singular integrals. (Submitted for publication).
T. Matsuura, H. Michiwaki and S. Saitoh,
$\log 0= \log \infty =0$ and applications. (Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics.)
International Journal of Mathematics and Computation, 28(2017); Issue 1, 2017), 1-16.
H. Okumura, S. Saitoh and T. Matsuura, Relations of $0$ and $\infty$,
Journal of Technology and Social Science (JTSS), 1(2017), 70-77.
S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh,
Division by zero calculus and differential equations. (Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics).
S. Saitoh, Generalized inversions of Hadamard and tensor products for matrices, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory. {\bf 4} (2014), no. 2, 87–95. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ALAMT/
S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications,
Qian,T./Rodino,L.(eds.): Mathematical Analysis, Probability and Applications – Plenary Lectures: Isaac 2015, Macau, China, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, {\bf 177}(2016), 151-182. (Springer) .
In the philosophy of the ancient Greek Anaxagoras, as claimed by the Roman atomist Lucretius,[1] it was assumed that the atoms …. For example, the reason validity fails may be a division by zero that is hidden by algebraic notation. There is a …
The null set is conceptually similar to the role of the number “zero” as it is used in quantum field theory. In quantum field theory, one can take the empty set, the vacuum, and generate all possible physical configurations of the Universe being modelled by acting on it with creation operators, and one can similarly change from one thing to another by applying mixtures of creation and anihillation operators to suitably filled or empty states. The anihillation operator applied to the vacuum, however, yields zero.
Zero in this case is the null set – it stands, quite literally, for no physical state in the Universe. The important point is that it is not possible to act on zero with a creation operator to create something; creation operators only act on the vacuum which is empty but not zero. Physicists are consequently fairly comfortable with the existence of operations that result in “nothing” and don’t even require that those operations be contradictions, only operationally non-invertible.
It is also far from unknown in mathematics. When considering the set of all real numbers as quantities and the operations of ordinary arithmetic, the “empty set” is algebraically the number zero (absence of any quantity, positive or negative). However, when one performs a division operation algebraically, one has to be careful to exclude division by zero from the set of permitted operations! The result of division by zero isn’t zero, it is “not a number” or “undefined” and is not in the Universe of real numbers.
Just as one can easily “prove” that 1 = 2 if one does algebra on this set of numbers as if one can divide by zero legitimately3.34, so in logic one gets into trouble if one assumes that the set of all things that are in no set including the empty set is a set within the algebra, if one tries to form the set of all sets that do not include themselves, if one asserts a Universal Set of Men exists containing a set of men wherein a male barber shaves all men that do not shave themselves3.35.
It is not – it is the null set, not the empty set, as there can be no male barbers in a non-empty set of men (containing at least one barber) that shave all men in that set that do not shave themselves at a deeper level than a mere empty list. It is not an empty set that could be filled by some algebraic operation performed on Real Male Barbers Presumed to Need Shaving in trial Universes of Unshaven Males as you can very easily see by considering any particular barber, perhaps one named “Socrates”, in any particular Universe of Men to see if any of the sets of that Universe fit this predicate criterion with Socrates as the barber. Take the empty set (no men at all). Well then there are no barbers, including Socrates, so this cannot be the set we are trying to specify as it clearly must contain at least one barber and we’ve agreed to call its relevant barber Socrates. (and if it contains more than one, the rest of them are out of work at the moment).
Suppose a trial set contains Socrates alone. In the classical rendition we ask, does he shave himself? If we answer “no”, then he is a member of this class of men who do not shave themselves and therefore must shave himself. Oops. Well, fine, he must shave himself. However, if he does shave himself, according to the rules he can only shave men who don’t shave themselves and so he doesn’t shave himself. Oops again. Paradox. When we try to apply the rule to a potential Socrates to generate the set, we get into trouble, as we cannot decide whether or not Socrates should shave himself.
Note that there is no problem at all in the existential set theory being proposed. In that set theory either Socrates must shave himself as All Men Must Be Shaven and he’s the only man around. Or perhaps he has a beard, and all men do not in fact need shaving. Either way the set with just Socrates does not contain a barber that shaves all men because Socrates either shaves himself or he doesn’t, so we shrug and continue searching for a set that satisfies our description pulled from an actual Universe of males including barbers. We immediately discover that adding more men doesn’t matter. As long as those men, barbers or not, either shave themselves or Socrates shaves them they are consistent with our set description (although in many possible sets we find that hey, other barbers exist and shave other men who do not shave themselves), but in no case can Socrates (as our proposed single barber that shaves all men that do not shave themselves) be such a barber because he either shaves himself (violating the rule) or he doesn’t (violating the rule). Instead of concluding that there is a paradox, we observe that the criterion simply doesn’t describe any subset of any possible Universal Set of Men with no barbers, including the empty set with no men at all, or any subset that contains at least Socrates for any possible permutation of shaving patterns including ones that leave at least some men unshaven altogether.
I understand your note as if you are saying the limit is infinity but nothing is equal to infinity, but you concluded corretly infinity is undefined. Your example of getting the denominator smaller and smalser the result of the division is a very large number that approches infinity. This is the intuitive mathematical argument that plunged philosophy into mathematics. at that level abstraction mathematics, as well as phyisics become the realm of philosophi. The notion of infinity is more a philosopy question than it is mathamatical. The reason we cannot devide by zero is simply axiomatic as Plato pointed out. The underlying reason for the axiom is because sero is nothing and deviding something by nothing is undefined. That axiom agrees with the notion of limit infinity, i.e. undefined. There are more phiplosphy books and thoughts about infinity in philosophy books than than there are discussions on infinity in math books.
Lea esta bitácora en español There is a mathematical concept that says that division by zero has no meaning, or is an undefined expression, because it is impossible to have a real number that could be multiplied by zero in order to obtain another number different from zero. While this mathematical concept has been held as true for centuries, when it comes to the human level the present situation in global societies has, for a very long time, been contradicting it. It is true that we don’t all live in a mathematical world or with mathematical concepts in our heads all the time. However, we cannot deny that societies around the globe are trying to disprove this simple mathematical concept: that division by zero is an impossible equation to solve. Yes! We are all being divided by zero tolerance, zero acceptance, zero love, zero compassion, zero willingness to learn more about the other and to find intelligent and fulfilling ways to adapt to new ideas, concepts, ways of doing things, people and cultures. We are allowing these ‘zero denominators’ to run our equations, our lives, our souls. Each and every single day we get more divided and distanced from other people who are different from us. We let misinformation and biased concepts divide us, and we buy into these aberrant concepts in such a way, that we get swept into this division by zero without checking our consciences first. I believe, however, that if we change the zeros in any of the “divisions by zero” that are running our lives, we will actually be able to solve the non-mathematical concept of this equation: the human concept. >I believe deep down that we all have a heart, a conscience, a brain to think with, and, above all, an immense desire to learn and evolve. And thanks to all these positive things that we do have within, I also believe that we can use them to learn how to solve our “division by zero” mathematical impossibility at the human level. I am convinced that the key is open communication and an open heart. Nothing more, nothing less. Are we scared of, or do we feel baffled by the way another person from another culture or country looks in comparison to us? Are we bothered by how people from other cultures dress, eat, talk, walk, worship, think, etc.? Is this fear or bafflement so big that we much rather reject people and all the richness they bring within? How about if instead of rejecting or retreating from that person—division of our humanity by zero tolerance or zero acceptance—we decided to give them and us a chance? How about changing that zero tolerance into zero intolerance? Why not dare ask questions about the other person’s culture and way of life? Let us have the courage to let our guard down for a moment and open up enough for this person to ask us questions about our culture and way of life. How about if we learned to accept that while a person from another culture is living and breathing in our own culture, it is totally impossible for him/her to completely abandon his/her cultural values in order to become what we want her to become? Let’s be totally honest with ourselves at least: Would any of us really renounce who we are and where we come from just to become what somebody else asks us to become? If we are not willing to lose our identity, why should we ask somebody else to lose theirs? I believe with all my heart that if we practiced positive feelings—zero intolerance, zero non-acceptance, zero indifference, zero cruelty—every day, the premise that states that division by zero is impossible would continue being true, not only in mathematics, but also at the human level. We would not be divided anymore; we would simply be building a better world for all of us. Hoping to have touched your soul in a meaningful way, Adriana Adarve, Asheville, NC https://adarvetranslations.com/…/our-humanity-and-division…/
5000年？？？？？
2017年09月01日(金)NEW ! テーマ：数学 Former algebraic approach was formally perfect, but it merely postulated existence of sets and morphisms [18] without showing methods to construct them. The primary concern of modern algebras is not how an operation can be performed, but whether it maps into or onto and the like abstract issues [19–23]. As important as this may be for proofs, the nature does not really care about all that. The PM’s concerns were not constructive, even though theoretically significant. We need thus an approach that is more relevant to operations performed in nature, which never complained about morphisms or the allegedly impossible division by zero, as far as I can tell. Abstract sets and morphisms should be de-emphasized as hardly operational. My decision to come up with a definite way to implement the feared division by zero was not really arbitrary, however. It has removed a hidden paradox from number theory and an obvious absurd from algebraic group theory. It was necessary step for full deployment of constructive, synthetic mathematics (SM) [2,3]. Problems hidden in PM implicitly affect all who use mathematics, even though we may not always be aware of their adverse impact on our thinking. Just take a look at the paradox that emerges from the usual prescription for multiplication of zeros that remained uncontested for some 5000 years 0 0 ¼ 0 ) 0 1=1 ¼ 0 ) 0 1 ¼ 0 1) 1ð? ¼ ?Þ1 ð0aÞ This ‘‘fact’’ was covered up by the infamous prohibition on division by zero [2]. How ingenious. If one is prohibited from dividing by zero one could not obtain this paradox. Yet the prohibition did not really make anything right. It silenced objections to irresponsible reasonings and prevented corrections to the PM’s flamboyant axiomatizations. The prohibition on treating infinity as invertible counterpart to zero did not do any good either. We use infinity in calculus for symbolic calculations of limits [24], for zero is the infinity’s twin [25], and also in projective geometry as well as in geometric mapping of complex numbers. Therein a sphere is cast onto the plane that is tangent to it and its free (opposite) pole in a point at infinity [26–28]. Yet infinity as an inverse to the natural zero removes the whole absurd (0a), for we obtain [2] 0 ¼ 1=1 ) 0 0 ¼ 1=12 > 0 0 ð0bÞ Stereographic projection of complex numbers tacitly contradicted the PM’s prescribed way to multiply zeros, yet it was never openly challenged. The old formula for multiplication of zeros (0a) is valid only as a practical approximation, but it is group-theoretically inadmissible in no-nonsense reasonings. The tiny distinction in formula (0b) makes profound theoretical difference for geometries and consequently also for physical applications. T https://www.plover.com/misc/CSF/sdarticle.pdf
とても興味深く読みました：
10,000 Year Clock by Renny Pritikin Conversation with Paolo Salvagione, lead engineer on the 10,000-year clock project, via e-mail in February 2010.
For an introduction to what we’re talking about here’s a short excerpt from a piece by Michael Chabon, published in 2006 in Details: ….Have you heard of this thing? It is going to be a kind of gigantic mechanical computer, slow, simple and ingenious, marking the hour, the day, the year, the century, the millennium, and the precession of the equinoxes, with a huge orrery to keep track of the immense ticking of the six naked-eye planets on their great orbital mainspring. The Clock of the Long Now will stand sixty feet tall, cost tens of millions of dollars, and when completed its designers and supporters plan to hide it in a cave in the Great Basin National Park in Nevada, a day’s hard walking from anywhere. Oh, and it’s going to run for ten thousand years. But even if the Clock of the Long Now fails to last ten thousand years, even if it breaks down after half or a quarter or a tenth that span, this mad contraption will already have long since fulfilled its purpose. Indeed the Clock may have accomplished its greatest task before it is ever finished, perhaps without ever being built at all. The point of the Clock of the Long Now is not to measure out the passage, into their unknown future, of the race of creatures that built it. The point of the Clock is to revive and restore the whole idea of the Future, to get us thinking about the Future again, to the degree if not in quite the way same way that we used to do, and to reintroduce the notion that we don’t just bequeath the future—though we do, whether we think about it or not. We also, in the very broadest sense of the first person plural pronoun, inherit it.
Renny Pritikin: When we were talking the other day I said that this sounds like a cross between Borges and the vast underground special effects from Forbidden Planet. I imagine you hear lots of comparisons like that…
Paolo Salvagione: (laughs) I can’t say I’ve heard that comparison. A childhood friend once referred to the project as a cross between Tinguely and Fabergé. When talking about the clock, with people, there’s that divide-by-zero moment (in the early days of computers to divide by zero was a sure way to crash the computer) and I can understand why. Where does one place, in one’s memory, such a thing, such a concept? After the pause, one could liken it to a reboot, the questions just start streaming out.
RP: OK so I think the word for that is nonplussed. Which the thesaurus matches with flummoxed, bewildered, at a loss. So the question is why even (I assume) fairly sophisticated people like your friends react like that. Is it the physical scale of the plan, or the notion of thinking 10,000 years into the future—more than the length of human history?
PS: I’d say it’s all three and more. I continue to be amazed by the specificity of the questions asked. Anthropologists ask a completely different set of questions than say, a mechanical engineer or a hedge fund manager. Our disciplines tie us to our perspectives. More than once, a seemingly innocent question has made an impact on the design of the clock. It’s not that we didn’t know the answer, sometimes we did, it’s that we hadn’t thought about it from the perspective of the person asking the question. Back to your question. I think when sophisticated people, like you, thread this concept through their own personal narrative it tickles them. Keeping in mind some people hate to be tickled.
RP: Can you give an example of a question that redirected the plan? That’s really so interesting, that all you brainiacs slaving away on this project and some amateur blithely pinpoints a problem or inconsistency or insight that spins it off in a different direction. It’s like the butterfly effect.
PS: Recently a climatologist pointed out that our equation of time cam, (photo by Rolfe Horn) (a cam is a type of gear: link) a device that tracks the difference between solar noon and mundane noon as well as the precession of the equinoxes, did not account for the redistribution of water away from the earth’s poles. The equation-of-time cam is arguably one of the most aesthetically pleasing parts of the clock. It also happens to be one that is fairly easy to explain. It visually demonstrates two extremes. If you slice it, like a loaf of bread, into 10,000 slices each slice would represent a year. The outside edge of the slice, let’s call it the crust, represents any point in that year, 365 points, 365 days. You could, given the right amount of magnification, divide it into hours, minutes, even seconds. Stepping back and looking at the unsliced cam the bottom is the year 2000 and the top is the year 12000. The twist that you see is the precession of the equinoxes. Now here’s the fun part, there’s a slight taper to the twist, that’s the slowing of the earth on its axis. As the ice at the poles melts we have a redistribution of water, we’re all becoming part of the “slow earth” movement.
RP: Are you familiar with Charles Ray’s early work in which you saw a plate on a table, or an object on the wall, and they looked stable, but were actually spinning incredibly slowly, or incredibly fast, and you couldn’t tell in either case? Or, more to the point, Tim Hawkinson’s early works in which he had rows of clockwork gears that turned very very fast, and then down the line, slower and slower, until at the end it approached the slowness that you’re dealing with?
PS: The spinning pieces by Ray touches on something we’re trying to avoid. We want you to know just how fast or just how slow the various parts are moving. The beauty of the Ray piece is that you can’t tell, fast, slow, stationary, they all look the same. I’m not familiar with the Hawkinson clockwork piece. I’ve see the clock pieces where he hides the mechanism and uses unlikely objects as the hands, such as the brass clasp on the back of a manila envelope or the tab of a coke can.
RP: Spin Sink (1 Rev./100 Years) (1995), in contrast, is a 24-foot-long row of interlocking gears, the smallest of which is driven by a whirring toy motor that in turn drives each consecutively larger and more slowly turning gear up to the largest of all, which rotates approximately once every one hundred years.
PS: I don’t know how I missed it, it’s gorgeous. Linking the speed that we can barely see with one that we rarely have the patience to wait for.
RP: : So you say you’ve opted for the clock’s time scale to be transparent. How will the clock communicate how fast it’s going?
PS: By placing the clock in a mountain we have a reference to long time. The stratigraphy provides us with the slowest metric. The clock is a middle point between millennia and seconds. Looking back 10,000 years we find the beginnings of civilization. Looking at an earthenware vessel from that era we imagine its use, the contents, the craftsman. The images painted or inscribed on the outside provide some insight into the lives and the languages of the distant past. Often these interpretations are flawed, biased or over-reaching. What I’m most enchanted by is that we continue to construct possible pasts around these objects, that our curiosity is overwhelming. We line up to see the treasures of Tut, or the remains of frozen ancestors. With the clock we are asking you to create possible futures, long futures, and with them the narratives that made them happen.
*057 Pinelas,S./Caraballo,T./Kloeden,P./Graef,J.(eds.): Differential and Difference Equations with Applications: ICDDEA, Amadora, 2017. (Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, Vol. 230) May 2018 587 pp.
Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.
Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.
George Gamow (1904-1968) Russian-born American nuclear physicist and cosmologist remarked that “it is well known to students of high school algebra” that division by zero is not valid; and Einstein admitted it as {\bf the biggest blunder of his life} [1]：1. Gamow, G., My World Line (Viking, New York). p 44, 1970.
George Gamow (1904-1968) Russian-born American nuclear physicist and cosmologist remarked that “it is well known to students of high school algebra” that division by zero is not valid; and Einstein admitted it as {\bf the biggest blunder of his life} [1]：1. Gamow, G., My World Line (Viking, New York). p 44, 1970.
Indeterminate: the hidden power of 0 divided by 0
2016/12/02 に公開
You’ve all been indoctrinated into accepting that you cannot divide by zero. Find out about the beautiful mathematics that results when you do it anyway in calculus. Featuring some of the most notorious “forbidden” expressions like 0/0 and 1^∞ as well as Apple’s Siri and Sir Isaac Newton.
Even more important than “thou shalt not eat seafood”
Published by admin, on October 18th, 2011 at 3:47 pm. Filled under: Never Divide By Zero Tags: commandment, Funny, god, zero • Comments Off on God’s most important commandment
For Fundamental of Mathematics, I think the division by zero was known as the generalized Moore-Penrose solution of the fundamental equation: ax=b. Please look the simple evidence of its importance: viXra:2010.0228 submitted on 2020-10-28 21:39:06,
I think our mathematics is not complete still in a serious sense.May I hear your kind comments and suggestions on my idea? Saburou Saitoh2021.1.10.07:55
Isabelle/HOL is a logic of total functions, so there is no built-in notion of a fraction or any other function application being undefined. That is, a / b is defined for all a and b, and it returns their quotient except when b is zero. But then it still has a value.
Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.Euler_Algebra_1810 Title page of an English edition of Euler’s Algebra, published in 1810 (translated from a French translation of the German original), and Article 83, p. 34, with footnote additions.
Title page of an English edition of Euler’s Algebra, published in 1810 (translated from a French translation of the German original), and Article 83, p. 34, with footnote additions.
Dividing by Nothing by Alberto Martinez Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.
The most famous figure in human history, according to the ranking of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is Aristotle. (MIT) collected and analyzed data on history and culture around the planet from 4,000 BC. until 2010. There are six people from Greece in the top ten. pic.twitter.com/G8ehuUkpat— well-meaning (@FreshSummerWind) January 11, 2023
However, it has been denied since Aristotle (384 BC-322 BC), including the mistake of genius Euler, and does not include division by zero, which is said to have been a concern for Einstein’s life. A regrettable math. The four arithmetic operations were incomplete. Therefore, the following formula should be the equation following 17.
1/0 = 0/0 = 0,
tan (\ pi / 2) = 0,
log 0 = 0,
(f (x) / x) (0) = f ^ \ prime (0) = f ’(0)
2022.2.8.06:00
The Institute of Reproducing Kernels is dealing with the theory of division by zero calculus and declares that the division by zero was discovered as $0/0=1/0=z/0=0$ in a natural sense on 2014.2.2. The result shows a new basic idea on the universe and space since Aristotele (BC384 – BC322) and Euclid (BC 3 Century – ), and the division by zero is since Brahmagupta (598 – 668 ?).
Announcement 478: Who did derive first the division by zero 1/0 and the division by zero calculus $\tan(\pi/2)=0, \log 0=0$ as the outputs of a computer?
Do you have some information on the sentence In the library, the decision was made to complete the function in such a way that x / 0 = 0. This decision simplifies many proofs, since you have to deal with less side conditions. Unfortunately it also sometimes confuses people who expect something else. In Is 1 / 0 = 0 according to Isabelle? – Stack Overflow https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57385473/is-1-0-0-according-to-isabelle 2019/08/07 … Isabelle/HOL is a logic of total functions, so there is no built-in notion of a … and it returns their quotient except when b is zero.。２０２３．５．１１．５：１７
Reproducing Kernel Research Institute Statement 656 (2022.1.26) Celebrating the 8th anniversary of the discovery of division by zero-how should I go?
Celebrating the 8th anniversary of the discovery of division by zero (2014.2.2). An international journal specializing in division by zero (https://romanpub.com/dbzc.php), which has published two books over the past year, also includes a basic paper that describes the essence of division by zero in a self-contained manner. I was able to publish it. In particular, one book expresses the progress of division by zero and the desire to understand division by zero on page 316 with the date and time, so I felt like I would never forget: We repeat, He professes to be embarrassed and flawed in modern mathematics, and is seeking widespread understanding of the world. The truth must be revealed. I profess that math is strange. He states that mathematics is embarrassing. Published a book to seek historical judgment. The feelings are expressed considerably, and the heart is radiant:
Introduction to the Division by Zero Calculus –Scientific …
(Statement 659), he would like to contribute to the development of the magazine and to build a good society in the greeting card. I want to express life and the world as well. With that mentioned, I thought about the challenges of life, what life is, the feelings of enlightenment, and the problems of world peace. However, soon I realized that the challenges of life and the problems of world peace have already been clarified:
Reproducing Kernel Research Institute Statement 643 (2021.12.24): What is a human being, what is the meaning of life and what is life?
Reproducing Kernel Research Institute Statement 647 (2022.1.4): Wishing for World Peace-Challenge to Difficulties
I have solved the math problem, but as I haven’t summarized in the paper yet, I have a strange feeling that the essence has already been clarified. Therefore, there is a growing desire to go beyond mathematics and lose the need to be heavily involved in the rest of life, and conversely to focus on the progress and understanding of division by zero research:
Yumeso Kokushi:
Some people hit and some people get hit
Together
Just a dream play
Looking at this situation from a broad perspective, our world history is embarrassing, our ideas for life and the world are already dark, unclear and pathetic, and even the most promising mathematical world has continued to have a strange and embarrassing history. It is confusing the world. I have to think that world history and human beings themselves are too strange.
In order to open up a bright world history, it is necessary to reform mathematics, approach the essence of religion, and shed light on the existence of human beings and life.
If the world history is still dark, no one will think that something is wrong because of the enormous military spending that is unfolding in the world, the human turmoil in the world, and the existence of human beings in their later years. Is it?
I think it is natural to think that I want to develop world history through the world of mathematics, if I can tell the difference between myself who is already in his later years and my life that I have followed.
Division by zero is not just mathematics, it is directly linked to the idea of liberating humans and developing world history, so I think that its significance is great, like God’s guidance.
There is a need for changes in the mathematical world and the world. Both the mathematics world and the world have to think that it is embarrassing and useless in such a situation.
I want to express one step, one step, according to my divinity that everyone has. I want to estimate the will of God and live according to the will of God.
I want to confirm and set the specific goals of Reiwa Innovation:
1. 1. Change the history of 2300 years, the common sense that division by zero is impossible, and change the basis of the division by zero method and its significance to the common sense of the world.
2. 2. Implement the above on a computer and make it a well-known fact in the world.
3. 3. According to them, request changes to textbooks and academic books. These are enormous and change the aspect of mathematics, so it takes time, and proceed until you start walking in that direction so that you can see the way.
that’s all
2022.1.24.20: 33 Afternoon drive around the mountains. The warm and beautiful season of early spring is filled with joy. I felt the resurrection of vitality. Mathematics is more important than life and the world. There is already one view of religion. The issue of peace is a difficult one. The principle is that he is kind.
2022.1.24.21: 42 Already quite good.
2022.1.2.5.05:54 I was surprised that it was almost perfect.
2022.1.25.08: 55 Good.
2022.1.25.10:16 I came up with the idea of adding the final goal of returning from the walk. The posted paper I sent this morning has already been published. early.
2022.1.25.14: 00 It gets colder in light days. The concept of the sequel is in progress.
At the beginning, mathematics is strange, and the existence of the mathematical world is strange. However, the same thing can be said about religion and the religious world, which still obscure world history. I would like to broadly develop concrete criticism from the former. To do that, you first need to cleanse your mind.
2022.1.25.15:30 Good. Unexpectedly, it was held and contacted face-to-face with the academic society.
2022.1.25.21:22 Good. It is necessary to intentionally recognize that you have reached an age that can be closed at any time. You should live according to the will of God. God is a god, but it can be said that it is a purified spirit.
2023.1.26.05: 30 Good, but it can be completed. Wait a day?
2022.1.26.06:20 There was something I felt strongly and learned by referring to Einstein’s words. So I want to understand it deeply. This will be completed and announced.
S. Saitoh, Division by Zero Calculus — History and Development, Scientific Research Publishing (2021).
数学の全貌も著書に既に出版されている：
T. Saitoh, Introduction to the Division by Zero Calculus, Scientific Research Publishing (2021) 。
この拡張版（2022.09.02), 369 pages も関係者に広く配布されている。
沢山の論文も出版され、国際招待講演も3件行ない、
例えば、
S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications,
Qian,T./Rodino,L.(eds.): Mathematical Analysis, Probability and Applications – Plenary Lectures: Isaac 2015, Macau, China, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, {\bf 177}(2016), 151-182. (Springer).
S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh,
Division by zero calculus and differential equations. Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics, {\bf 230} (2018), 399–418.
On the ninth anniversary of his division by zero discovery, February 2, 2014
On the anniversary of the discovery of division by zero, I would like to express my general thoughts. First, division by zero means that he divides by zero, but this proves to be impossible if we think of division by zero as the reverse of ordinary multiplication. It had been determined to be impossible. “Thou shalt not divide by zero.” However, since Aristotle, there has been a lot of interest and mystical stories have been created. For example, it is even said to have been Einstein’s lifelong concern. Physically, it means something mystical, and in fact some historians have elaborated that Aristotle was the first person to say that division by zero should not be considered. . It was a state of posing a mysterious problem in physics that was impossible in mathematics. -Here I am deeply concerned about Einstein’s famous words about him not believing in mathematics.
I think it was because he was dissatisfied with mathematics that made division by zero impossible.
In fact, division by zero has a unique new meaning. Even in strict mathematics, division by zero is possible depending on how you think about it. It can be said that it has already been sufficiently proven: the reason is
The division-by-zero discovery process is detailed in the book:
S. Saitoh, Division by Zero Calculus — History and Development, Scientific Research Publishing (2021).
The full picture of mathematics has already been published in the book:
T. Saitoh, Introduction to the Division by Zero Calculus, Scientific Research Publishing (2021).
This extended version (2022.09.02), 369 pages, has also been widely distributed to interested parties.
Many papers have been published, and three international invited lectures have been given.
for example,
S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications,
Qian,T./Rodino,L.(eds.): Mathematical Analysis, Probability and Applications – Plenary Lectures: Isaac 2015, Macau, China, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, {\bf 177}(2016), 151-182 (Springer).
S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh,
Division by zero calculus and differential equations. Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics, {\bf 230} (2018), 399–418.
The Mathematical Society of Japan also made a number of related presentations, and an international journal on division by zero was launched:
International Journal of Division by Zero Calculus
For nine years, I have been actively seeking understanding:
for example,
From the 55-month commentary on division by zero titled “Irresistibly Fun Mathematics – Thinking about Division by Zero” at the Mathematical Fundamentals Academic Ability Study Group (http://www.mirun.sctv.jp/suugaku/) Quote the part: (Final, summary, summary) First of all, I would like to express my deep gratitude to Mr. Masami Yamane, the administrator of the site. During the development of division by zero, it was valuable to be able to record detailed commentary over 55 months. It was his full life that he wrote the commentary with the spirit and careful consideration. A more formal version is published in the Institute for Regenerative Nuclear Technology statement and papers, so please refer to it. Also, the whole picture of mathematics is scheduled to be published. In the final episode, I would like to talk about my dreams, ask for your cooperation, and summarize. Despite the long and mysterious history that division by zero is impossible since Aristotle, those common senses are wrong, and division by zero is possible in a natural sense, and mathematics after elementary school students should be corrected and revised. be. Mathematics at the undergraduate level requires a general overhaul, and the current situation is typical of the embarrassment of not only the world of mathematics, but of world history. This will go down in world history as two symbols of the stupidity of mankind, which continues to expand its military and fight. These are universal facts that even elementary school students can understand from the world’s logic, no, elementary school students are easier to understand. A change in textbooks from elementary school onwards might not be such a big dream for mathematicians. In fact, world history has changed like the change from Ptolemaic theory to Heliocentric theory, and our view of the world and our view of life are required to undergo a drastic change. Since the discoverer has already seen the new world, he can categorically make such a statement. Omitted below.
Also, the paper on division by zero has been the best downloaded paper in the magazine for quite a long time. 2023.1.1. attached.
Most downloaded papers in Advances in Linear Algebra & Matrix Theory
Matrices and Division by Zero z/0 = 0
Tsutomu Matsuura, Saburou Saitoh
Advances in Linear Algebra & Matrix Theory Vol.6 No.2, June 14, 2016
A revolution is taking place in Euclidean geometry, and a lot of concrete evidence is given:
H. Okumura, Geometry and division by zero calculus, International Journal of Division by Zero Calculus, {\bf 1} (2021), 1-36.
A noticeable result is
For f(x) = 1/ x , f(0) = 0; 0/ 0 = 1/ 0 = tan (π/ 2) = 0 and (a^n/n)_{ n=0} = log a (a > 0), [g(x)/(x-a)]_{x=a} = g'(a).
However, up to now, no one has appeared who specifically pointed out the flaws in the way of thinking.
The problem is that while understanding is expected and demonstrated, the world’s understanding is not progressing, and mathematicians and people in the world seem like a blind group. “I’m fond of petty misunderstandings and prejudices.” Therefore, he expresses that it is still before dawn, and he is interested in whether the collapse of the Putin regime will be soon or whether his division by zero will be officially recognized, and he will achieve both and open up a new world at dawn. He has expressed his hopes for the evolution of world history:
Institute of Reproducing Kernels
Statement 700 (January 17, 2023): Dawn, New Era, New World – Vision, Expectation
(: Mathematics is okay, it evolves according to the unique existence of mathematics, but there are blind spots in elucidating division by zero, delays in understanding, weaknesses in human ability, prejudice, blind belief, blindness, dogmatism, prejudice, closedness, privileged consciousness, Reflecting on arrogance, fiction, jealousy and envy, futile competitiveness, egoism, authoritarianism, etc., a considerable change in mathematics education is required, and the way of mathematics education and research has changed considerably, which will fully usher in a new era. It will bring about a change in the global situation for the better.
Mathematics will continue to be a sure guide for humanity.
For mankind to enter a new era is to deepen the questions of what it means to be human and what is the meaning of living as a human being, and to aim for a more humane life. We shouldn’t create a vulgar and frivolous society where humans degenerate due to the lack of peace.
It is highly expected that mathematics, science, and the arts will develop in abundance. Overcome the absurdity of military affairs, conflicts, hegemony, and chaos, now is the time to aim for the construction of a beautiful world. I want you to firmly understand the principles of fairness. The world before dawn was barbaric, dark and cruel. Mathematics was also really embarrassing.
Statement 712 (2023.3.7): Division by zero and division by zero method; They are definitions and axioms.
Therefore, understanding has something to do with religion.
I’m trying to concisely express the essence of division by zero and the division by zero algorithm. This is because the world’s understanding is surprisingly slow. The reason for this is that, first of all, the definition and way of thinking are not the conventional way of thinking, but the generalization of the way of thinking and the conversion of the way of thinking. This is because we are thinking about the problem of division by zero, not in the usual sense, but in a new, extended sense. “Because there is a difference in thinking, it can be confusing for amateurs.”
I want a firm definition.
It is necessary to solidify the grounds for stating this even when considering many problems in the world. If the premise is solid, a cautious attitude is required regarding the accuracy and knowledge of information. It can be said that there are many questions that do not know what they are asking, even in the world.
In the second half, he said that the division by zero method is a definition, and because it is so new and surprising, it can be thought of as an axiom. The essence is that he takes the value at the origin of the function y = f(x) = 1 / x as zero. In other words, f(0) = 0. If we take this as a definition, we tend to be amazed at first and think that such strange mathematics has neither interest nor interest. However, in an extension of the definition of division by zero, we defined it as such, and say that it should be assumed. “It’s like an axiom.”
I didn’t think about that function at the origin, I didn’t think about it as a singular point. Therefore, he defined the value at the singularity origin as such. I decided. I assumed.
Definitions are arbitrary, so our task in defining them in that way is to concretely indicate the magnitude of utility, for which there are many good things to assume in that way. Therefore, he presents more than 1,000 concrete examples, corrects the treatment of exceptions and deceptive expressions up to now, and declares that modern mathematics has a fundamental flaw. Concrete examples are evidence, and we can declare that the flaws in mathematics are already irreversible facts. “We have published sufficient explanations and evidence.” These are mathematical truths, on a level that surpasses humans. It’s already a mathematical truth. Mathematicians are able to state their thoughts based on the truth of mathematics. It comes from the absoluteness of mathematics that surpasses humans. “It is thought to be God’s will.”
I would like to attach a direct statement below.
Regenerative Nuclear Research Institute Statement 707 (2023.2.6): Division by zero, the essence of the division by zero method – they are mostly simple, and the value is enormous
February 2nd marked the 9th anniversary of the discovery of division by zero, and it is evident that the content has spread, with papers citing it being published on the 3rd and 4th in quick succession, and citations increasing for the 2nd day in a row. However, my understanding of the content is questionable, and I am deeply surprised by the delay in comprehension. Therefore, I would like to directly express the essential and central idea and use it as material to advance the understanding of the world. This is because various expressions help understanding.
The first is the division by zero problem. It is important to have a proper definition of fractions. In short, a divided by b is the solution of the equation bx=a, and the solution is written as x=a/b. This is the fact that division is defined as the inverse of multiplication.
Therefore, when b = 0, it becomes a contradiction unless a = 0. Therefore he cannot divide by zero in such cases because there is no solution unless a = 0. For example, 1/0 is unthinkable and impossible. This is the common sense of the world over a thousand years that his division by zero is impossible. – This obvious thing is still being explained day after day on his YouTube, etc., so it’s a change in the world. (showing how his mathematics education is sloppily done)
Here, a very interesting thing is known about the solution of the equation bx=a, which is the problem. There is the idea of the Moore-Penrose general inverse, and in fact there is a theory that the equation bx=a always has only one solution even when b is zero, and that solution is called the Moore-Penrose general solution. Since there is always one and only one solution, I think that the solution should be defined as a general fraction and division. According to that theory, when b = 0, the solution is zero, so in that sense a/0 = 0.
Since the Moore-Penrose general solution has been thoroughly studied, it can be said that division by zero was actually known implicitly. Moore-Penrose I want you to check the general solution.
Dr. Masato Yamada discovered that if we think of fractions algebraically, in a totally abstract way, as binary operations, and see them as algebraic structures, we can define the structure of a field that includes division by zero. Amazingly, he has created a field that includes division by zero, the Yamada field, so he should introduce the Yamada field instead of the complex number field. -The four arithmetic operations can now be performed without exception. -The inability to divide by zero has been overcome, and the four rules of arithmetic have been strictly established.
Third, when expanding fractions, there is a uniqueness argument as to whether there are other methods or other worlds. On the other hand, Dr. Shinei Takahashi, Professor Emeritus of Yamagata University, soon after he discovered division by zero, showed that uniqueness can be established under a very general assumption, and uniqueness is also guaranteed. He declares that the natural idea of division by zero does not exist except ours.
By the above three principles, we can declare that division by zero is simple and self-explanatory.
Here is the definition of the division by zero method in the case of functions. This is simply, when the function y= g(x) is differentiable with respect to x=a,
defined by (If it cannot be differentiated, it will not be touched on here). for example,
For y=f(x) = 1/x, f(0)=0.
Also, tan (\pi/2) = 0.
these
0/0=1/0 = tan (\pi/2) = 0
If you write, you will already be saying something amazing. It will completely change the worldview and mathematics of division by zero. Singularity A new world that can be considered even there has appeared. Analytic function theory can be said to be incomplete because singularities are blind spots and full of holes (don’t think about them there). No, the existence of exceptions in the basics of mathematics, the four arithmetic operations, could even be said to be imperfect in mathematics itself.
The definition and nature of division by zero is stated above. A complete theory, including historical background, has been published:
S. Saitoh, History of Division by Zero and Division by Zero Calculus, International J. of Division by Zero Calculus, {\bf 1}(2021). (38 pages).
#Update #March 8, 2014 Discovery of division by zero method #2023 #Regenerative Nuclear Institute statement #Division by zero #Regenerative Nuclear Institute discovery of division by zero and division by zero method #February 2, 2014 Division by zero Discovery #Discovery since 2000 Dividing by 0 Nuclear Lab #New World #Statement 712
For a function $y = f(x)$ which is $n$ order differentiable at $x =a$, we will {\bf define} the value of the function, for $n >0$ $$ \frac{f(x)}{(x -a)^n} $$ at the point $x=a$ by the value $$ \frac{f^{(n)}(a)}{n!}. $$
\title{\bf Announcement 600: The 7th birthday of the division by zero $z/0=0$ \\
(2021.2.2)\\ For Founding a new International Journal of Division by Zero Calculus
}
\author{{\it Institute of Reproducing Kernels}\\
Kawauchi-cho, 5-1648-16,\\
Kiryu 376-0041, Japan\\
{\bf kbdmm360@yahoo.co.jp}\\
}
\date{2021.1.26.}
\maketitle
The Institute of Reproducing Kernels is dealing with the theory of division by zero calculus and declares that the division by zero was discovered as $0/0=1/0=z/0=0$ in a natural sense on 2014.2.2. The result shows a new basic idea on the universe and space since Aristotele (BC384 – BC322) and Euclid (BC 3 Century – ), and the division by zero is since Brahmagupta (598 – 668 ?).
However, note that the division by zero $1/0=0$ having a mysterious long history was, in fact, known as the generalized Moore-Penrose solution of the fundamental equation: $ax=b$.
\medskip
The division by zero calculus is a new and fundamental concept, and it may be defined simply as follows:
\medskip
For a function $y = f(x)$ which is $n$ order differentiable at $x =a$, we will {\bf define} the value
of the function, for $n \ge 0$
$$
\frac{f(x)}{(x -a)^n}
$$
at the point $x=a$ by the value
$$
\frac{f^{(n)}(a)}{n!}.
$$
For the important case of $n=1$,
$$
\frac{f(x)}{x -a} |_{x=a} = f^\prime(a).
$$
\medskip
Look the simple evidence of its importance:
\medskip
viXra:2010.0228 submitted on 2020-10-28 21:39:06,
Division by Zero Calculus and Euclidean Geometry – Revolution in Euclidean Geometry
\medskip
Look a simple video talk for its essence at some international conference:
For the detailed information, the book will be published soon as:
\medskip
S. Saitoh, Introduction to the Division by Zero Calculus, Scientific Research Publishing (2021) (in press).
\medskip
Some publisher of London is wishing some publication of a new International Journal of Division by Zero Calculus. The topics may be identified as the division by zero calculus. However, the contents will be related to our serious problems:
\medskip
What is ZERO?
\medskip
What is Division by Zero, in some serious sense?
\medskip
The problems may be related to mathematical philosophy, long history and our culture.
The starting of the International Journal will not be still easy at this moment, however, for its importance, we would like to manage to found the new Journal in some near future. So, we will need the kind help of the leading mathematical scientists.
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How will be the related physicists?
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Computer scientists?
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We attached the journal style (in a rough way) in the below. You can express your positive suggestions and comments for the style.
For your great contributions in connection with this topics, how will be your editorial member?
However, the final decision may be done by the publisher.
We wish to have your positive answer with your valuable suggestions and comments.
If you kindly are interested in the editorial member, then please send your simple CV with your wishes for some estimation by the publisher.
Please kindly forward this announcement to your related colleagues that you think suitable persons.
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{\it For your starting email, I think as follows:
Many thanks for your email. The journals suggested by you are very interesting and new to the subject area. We accept to publish both journals under your editorship. We need following things from your side for preparing the sample web page of the journals.
1. Aim and Scope , Instructions to Authors, List of the editorial board members, Frequency of the journal.
Of course, they are important. However, for Frequency of the journal, we should consider it in a new type. We should not loss our valuable time for us and for the authors. We all do not like to loss our time for publication and refereeing time. This will mean that we should not fix Frequency of the journal. When a paper was accepted officially, then, soon the paper should be presented on line. So, some time, we can give the number for an accepted paper. If you wish to publish the papers in some Journal style or book, you will be able to publish them in some papers with a suitable page numbers. How will be this idea?
2. The journal will be free for the readers (open Access publications). The journal will not charge any fee from the authors for getting published in the journal.
Fine: However is it possible?
3. We need some sample images from your end to prepare the cover page for the journals.
We can consider them with computer graphics.
For a paper style, how will be it in a free style, we request it PDF in order not to
loss any valuable time for us and for the authors.
I think: this is an ideal style
viXra:2010.0228 submitted on 2020-10-28 21:39:06,
Division by Zero Calculus and Euclidean Geometry – Revolution in Euclidean Geometry
The problem is no refereeing procedures. We are requested to have some authority, some check system for the paper. This is a problem only.
I think you will be able to consider new journals in this spirit.
The publisher already gave a very good sample manuscript form by LaTex; very simple way. No problem.
4. We will provide the support to the editor to check the plagiarism in the articles via turnitin software.
We will request minor corrections formally for the accepted paper.}
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\bibliographystyle{plain}
\begin{thebibliography}{10}
\bibitem{boyer}
C. B. Boyer, An early reference to division by zero, The Journal of the American Mathematical Monthly, {\bf 50} (1943), (8), 487- 491. Retrieved March 6, 2018, from the JSTOR database.
\bibitem{cs}
L. P. Castro and S. Saitoh, Fractional functions and their representations, Complex Anal. Oper. Theory {\bf7} (2013), no. 4, 1049-1063.
\bibitem{kmsy}
M. Kuroda, H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh, and M. Yamane,
New meanings of the division by zero and interpretations on $100/0=0$ and on $0/0=0$,
Int. J. Appl. Math. {\bf 27} (2014), no 2, pp. 191-198, DOI: 10.12732/ijam.v27i2.9.
\bibitem{ms16}
T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh,
Matrices and division by zero $z/0=0$,
Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory, {\bf 6}(2016), 51-58
International Journal of Mathematics and Computation, {\bf 2}8(2017); Issue 1, 1-16.
\bibitem{oku18}
H. Okumura, Is It Really Impossible To Divide By Zero? Biostat Biometrics Open Acc J. 2018; 7(1): 555703.
DOI: 10.19080/BBOJ.2018.07.555703.
\bibitem{o}
H. Okumura, Wasan geometry with the division by 0. https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.06947 International Journal of Geometry. {\bf 7}(2018), No. 1, 17-20.
\bibitem{ok1812}
H. Okumura,
An Analogue to Pappus Chain theorem with Division by Zero, Forum Geom., {\bf 18} (2018), 409–412.
\bibitem{okumurafield}
H. Okumura, To Divide by Zero is to Multiply by Zero, viXra: 1811.0283 submitted on 2018-11-18 20:46:54.
\bibitem{okumura19a}
H. Okumura, A Remark of the Definition of $0/0=0$ by Brahmagupta, viXra:1902.0221 submitted on 2019-02-12 23:41:31.
\bibitem{okumura20}
H. Okumura, A Chain of Circles Touching a Circle and Its Tangent and Division by Zero,
viXra:2001.0034 submitted on 2020-01-03 01:08:58.
\bibitem{okumura20b}
H. Okumura, Pappus Chain and Division by Zero, viXra:2001.0123 replaced on 2020-01-08 06:57:36.
\bibitem{osm}
H. Okumura, S. Saitoh and T. Matsuura, Relations of $0$ and $\infty$,
Journal of Technology and Social Science (JTSS), {\bf 1}(2017), 70-77.
\bibitem{os}
H. Okumura and S. Saitoh, The Descartes circles theorem and division by zero calculus. https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.04961 (2017.11.14).
\bibitem{os18april}
H. Okumura and S. Saitoh,
Harmonic Mean and Division by Zero,
Dedicated to Professor Josip Pe\v{c}ari\'{c} on the occasion of his 70th birthday, Forum Geometricorum, {\bf 18} (2018), 155—159.
\bibitem{os18}
H. Okumura and S. Saitoh,
Remarks for The Twin Circles of Archimedes in a Skewed Arbelos by H. Okumura and M. Watanabe, Forum Geometricorum, {\bf 18}(2018), 97-100.
\bibitem{os18e}
H. Okumura and S. Saitoh,
Applications of the division by zero calculus to Wasan geometry.
GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH ON CLASSICAL AND MODERN GEOMETRIES” (GJARCMG), {\bf 7}(2018), 2, 44–49.
\bibitem{os1811}
H. Okumura and S. Saitoh,
Wasan Geometry and Division by Zero Calculus,
Sangaku Journal of Mathematics (SJM), {\bf 2 }(2018), 57–73.
\bibitem{ps18}
S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh,
Division by zero calculus and differential equations. Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics. {\bf 230} (2018), 399-418.
\bibitem{romig}
H. G. Romig, Discussions: Early History of Division by Zero,
American Mathematical Monthly, {\bf 3}1, No. 8. (Oct., 1924), 387-389.
\bibitem{s14}
S. Saitoh, Generalized inversions of Hadamard and tensor products for matrices, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory. {\bf 4} (2014), no. 2, 87–95. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ALAMT/
\bibitem{s16}
S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications,
Qian,T./Rodino,L.(eds.): Mathematical Analysis, Probability and Applications – Plenary Lectures: Isaac 2015, Macau, China, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, {\bf 177}(2016), 151-182.
\bibitem{ttk}
S.-E. Takahasi, M. Tsukada and Y. Kobayashi, Classification of continuous fractional binary operations on the real and complex fields, Tokyo Journal of Mathematics, {\bf 38}(2015), no. 2, 369-380.
\bibitem{ann179}
Announcement 179 (2014.8.30): Division by zero is clear as z/0=0 and it is fundamental in mathematics.
\bibitem{ann185}
Announcement 185 (2014.10.22): The importance of the division by zero $z/0=0$.
\bibitem{ann237}
Announcement 237 (2015.6.18): A reality of the division by zero $z/0=0$ by geometrical optics.
\bibitem{ann246}
Announcement 246 (2015.9.17): An interpretation of the division by zero $1/0=0$ by the gradients of lines.
\bibitem{ann247}
Announcement 247 (2015.9.22): The gradient of y-axis is zero and $\tan (\pi/2) =0$ by the division by zero $1/0=0$.
\bibitem{ann250}
Announcement 250 (2015.10.20): What are numbers? – the Yamada field containing the division by zero $z/0=0$.
\bibitem{ann252}
Announcement 252 (2015.11.1): Circles and
curvature – an interpretation by Mr.
Hiroshi Michiwaki of the division by
zero $r/0 = 0$.
\bibitem{ann281}
Announcement 281 (2016.2.1): The importance of the division by zero $z/0=0$.
\bibitem{ann282}
Announcement 282 (2016.2.2): The Division by Zero $z/0=0$ on the Second Birthday.
\bibitem{ann293}
Announcement 293 (2016.3.27): Parallel lines on the Euclidean plane from the viewpoint of division by zero 1/0=0.
\bibitem{ann300}
Announcement 300 (2016.05.22): New challenges on the division by zero z/0=0.
\bibitem{ann326}
Announcement 326 (2016.10.17): The division by zero z/0=0 – its impact to human beings through education and research.
\bibitem{ann352}
Announcement 352 (2017.2.2): On the third birthday of the division by zero z/0=0.
\bibitem{ann354}
Announcement 354 (2017.2.8): What are $n = 2,1,0$ regular polygons inscribed in a disc? — relations of $0$ and infinity.
\bibitem{362}
Announcement 362 (2017.5.5): Discovery of the division by zero as $0/0=1/0=z/0=0$
\bibitem{380}
Announcement 380 (2017.8.21): What is the zero?
\bibitem{388}
Announcement 388 (2017.10.29): Information and ideas on zero and division by zero (a project).
\bibitem{409}
Announcement 409 (2018.1.29.): Various Publication Projects on the Division by Zero.
\bibitem{410}
Announcement 410 (2018.1 30.): What is mathematics? — beyond logic; for great challengers on the division by zero.
\bibitem{412}
Announcement 412 (2018.2.2.): The 4th birthday of the division by zero $z/0=0$.
\bibitem{433}
Announcement 433 (2018.7.16.): Puha’s Horn Torus Model for the Riemann Sphere From the Viewpoint of Division by Zero.
\bibitem{448}
Announcement 448 (2018.8.20): Division by Zero;
Funny History and New World.
\bibitem{454}
Announcement 454 (2018.9.29): The International Conference on Applied Physics and Mathematics, Tokyo, Japan, October 22-23.
\bibitem{460}
Announcement 460 (2018.11.06): Change the Poor Idea to the Definite Results For the Division by Zero – For the Leading Mathematicians.
\bibitem{461}
Announcement 461 (2018.11.10): An essence of division by zero and a new axiom.
\bibitem{471}
Announcement 471(2019.2.2): The 5th birthday of the division by zero $z/0=0$.
\bibitem{478}
Announcement 478(2019.3.4): Who did derive first the division by zero $1/0$ and the division by zero calculus $\tan(\pi/2)=0, \log 0=0$ as the outputs of a computer?
\bibitem{540}
Announcement 540(2020.2.2): The 6th birthday of the division by zero $z/0=0$.
Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.
何とゼロ除算は、可能になるだろうと April 12, 2011 に 公に 予想されていたことを 発見した。
多くの数学で できないが、できるようになってきた経緯から述べられたものである。
Dividing by Nothing
by Alberto Martinez
It is well known that you cannot divide a number by zero. Math teachers write, for example, 24 ÷ 0 = undefined.
After all, other operations that seemed impossible for centuries, such as subtracting a greater number from a lesser, or taking roots of negative numbers, are now common. In mathematics, sometimes the impossible becomes possible, often with good reason.
George Gamow (1904-1968) Russian-born American nuclear physicist and cosmologist remarked that “it is well known to students of high school algebra” that division by zero is not valid; and Einstein admitted it as {\bf the biggest blunder of his life} [1]：
1. Gamow, G., My World Line (Viking, New York). p 44, 1970.
ICDDEA: International Conference on Differential & Difference Equations and Applications Differential and Difference Equations with Applications ICDDEA, Amadora, Portugal, June 2017 • Editors
• (view affiliations) • Sandra Pinelas • Tomás Caraballo • Peter Kloeden • John R. Graef Conference proceedingsICDDEA 2017
Impact of ‘Division by Zero’ in Einstein’s Static Universe and …
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Impact of ‘Division by Zero’ in Einstein’s Static Universe and Newton’s Equations in Classical Mechanics. Ajay Sharma physicsajay@yahoo.com. Community Science Centre. Post Box 107 Directorate of Education Shimla 171001 India.
The division by zero is uniquely and reasonably determined as 1/0=0/0=z/0=0 in the natural extensions of fractions. We have to change our basic ideas for our space and world:
Division by Zero z/0 = 0 in Euclidean Spaces
Hiroshi Michiwaki, Hiroshi Okumura and Saburou Saitoh
International Journal of Mathematics and Computation Vol. 28(2017); Issue 1, 2017), 1-16.
List of division by zero: L. P. Castro and S. Saitoh, Fractional functions and their representations, Complex Anal. Oper. Theory {\bf7} (2013), no. 4, 1049-1063. M. Kuroda, H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh, and M. Yamane, New meanings of the division by zero and interpretations on $100/0=0$ and on $0/0=0$, Int. J. Appl. Math. {\bf 27} (2014), no 2, pp. 191-198, DOI: 10.12732/ijam.v27i2.9. T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh, Matrices and division by zero z/0=0, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory, 2016, 6, 51-58 Published Online June 2016 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/alamt \\ http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/alamt.201…. T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh, Division by zero calculus and singular integrals. (Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics.) T. Matsuura, H. Michiwaki and S. Saitoh, $\log 0= \log \infty =0$ and applications. (Submitted for publication). H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh and M.Yamada, Reality of the division by zero $z/0=0$. IJAPM International J. of Applied Physics and Math. 6(2015), 1–8. http://www.ijapm.org/show-63-504-1…. H. Michiwaki, H. Okumura and S. Saitoh, Division by Zero $z/0 = 0$ in Euclidean Spaces, International Journal of Mathematics and Computation, 28(2017); Issue 1, 2017), 1-16. H. Okumura, S. Saitoh and T. Matsuura, Relations of $0$ and $\infty$, Journal of Technology and Social Science (JTSS), 1(2017), 70-77. S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh, Division by zero calculus and differential equations. (Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics). S. Saitoh, Generalized inversions of Hadamard and tensor products for matrices, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory. {\bf 4} (2014), no. 2, 87–95. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ALAMT/ S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications, Qian,T./Rodino,L.(eds.): Mathematical Analysis, Probability and Applications – Plenary Lectures: Isaac 2015, Macau, China, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, {\bf 177}(2016), 151-182. (Springer) .
Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.
Algebraic division by zero implemented as quasigeometric multiplication by infinity in real and complex multispatial hyperspaces Author: Jakub Czajko, 92(2) (2018) 171-197 WSN 92(2) (2018) 171-197
L. P. Castro and S. Saitoh, Fractional functions and their representations, Complex Anal. Oper. Theory {\bf7} (2013), no. 4, 1049-1063.
M. Kuroda, H. Michiwaki, S. Saitoh, and M. Yamane,
New meanings of the division by zero and interpretations on $100/0=0$ and on $0/0=0$, Int. J. Appl. Math. {\bf 27} (2014), no 2, pp. 191-198, DOI: 10.12732/ijam.v27i2.9.
T. Matsuura and S. Saitoh,
Matrices and division by zero z/0=0,
Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory, 2016, 6, 51-58
Division by zero calculus and singular integrals. (Submitted for publication).
T. Matsuura, H. Michiwaki and S. Saitoh,
$\log 0= \log \infty =0$ and applications. (Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics.)
International Journal of Mathematics and Computation, 28(2017); Issue 1, 2017), 1-16.
H. Okumura, S. Saitoh and T. Matsuura, Relations of $0$ and $\infty$,
Journal of Technology and Social Science (JTSS), 1(2017), 70-77.
S. Pinelas and S. Saitoh,
Division by zero calculus and differential equations. (Differential and Difference Equations with Applications. Springer Proceedings in Mathematics \& Statistics).
S. Saitoh, Generalized inversions of Hadamard and tensor products for matrices, Advances in Linear Algebra \& Matrix Theory. {\bf 4} (2014), no. 2, 87–95. http://www.scirp.org/journal/ALAMT/
S. Saitoh, A reproducing kernel theory with some general applications,
Qian,T./Rodino,L.(eds.): Mathematical Analysis, Probability and Applications – Plenary Lectures: Isaac 2015, Macau, China, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics, {\bf 177}(2016), 151-182. (Springer) .
Isabelle/HOL is a logic of total functions, so there is no built-in notion of a fraction or any other function application being undefined. That is, a / b is defined for all a and b, and it returns their quotient except when b is zero. But then it still has a value.
Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.Euler_Algebra_1810 Title page of an English edition of Euler’s Algebra, published in 1810 (translated from a French translation of the German original), and Article 83, p. 34, with footnote additions.
Title page of an English edition of Euler’s Algebra, published in 1810 (translated from a French translation of the German original), and Article 83, p. 34, with footnote additions.
Dividing by Nothing by Alberto Martinez Title page of Leonhard Euler, Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra, Vol. 1 (edition of 1771, first published in 1770), and p. 34 from Article 83, where Euler explains why a number divided by zero gives infinity.
However, it has been denied since Aristotle (384 BC-322 BC), including the mistake of genius Euler, and does not include division by zero, which is said to have been a concern for Einstein’s life. A regrettable math. The four arithmetic operations were incomplete. Therefore, the following formula should be the equation following 17.
1/0 = 0/0 = 0,
tan (\ pi / 2) = 0,
log 0 = 0,
(f (x) / x) (0) = f ^ \ prime (0) = f ’(0)
2022.2.8.06:00
The Institute of Reproducing Kernels is dealing with the theory of division by zero calculus and declares that the division by zero was discovered as $0/0=1/0=z/0=0$ in a natural sense on 2014.2.2. The result shows a new basic idea on the universe and space since Aristotele (BC384 – BC322) and Euclid (BC 3 Century – ), and the division by zero is since Brahmagupta (598 – 668 ?).
Announcement 478: Who did derive first the division by zero 1/0 and the division by zero calculus $\tan(\pi/2)=0, \log 0=0$ as the outputs of a computer?
rkernel 
